Internal vs. External Validity in Research Coursework

Internal vs. External Validity in query - Coursework ExampleThere is often a tradeoff between internal and orthogonal validity, due to the fact that that the requirements of a soaring internal validity is the creation of a controlled and artificial setting for the explore, which then limits the screening of the results to the natural and real-life situations (Mitchell & Jolley, 2001). The attainment of a high internal validity of a query requires that the participants in the research are shielded from the extraneous factors that may change the relationship between the dependent and the independent variables. On the other hand, the extraneous factors are fully operational in the real-life situations, limiting the application of the findings of a research done in a setting where the extraneous factors were blocked. Therefore, there must b a trade-off between the internal validity and the external validity, such that internal validity is only high where external validity is low and vice versa (Isaac & Michael, 1971). 2.Is there a benefit in achieving a high aim of one type of validity (internal versus external) over the other? Is there a way to design a study or series of studies to have high internal as well as high external validity? What would be the benefit?There is a benefit of achieving a high train of one type of validity over the other, based on the nature of the research in question. The aim of internal validity achieved in the study is low, while the level of external validity attained in the study is high.

MGM600-0803B-02 Applied Managerial Decision-Making - Phase 3 Essay

MGM600-0803B-02 Applied Managerial Decision-Making - Phase 3 news Board 2 - Essay ExampleANOVA seek is of two types, One-Factor ANOVA and Two-Factor ANOVA (with and without replication). In One-Factor ANOVA, Dependent Variable (numerical) may be affected by one independent variable (categorical). In Two-Factor ANOVA, Dependent Variable (numerical) may be affected by two independent variables (categorical).An ANOVA streamlet is utile, when different data sets (to a greater extent than two) need to be compared for similar distribution population (treatment. A t-test can likewise be used for comparison however, it is limited to two samples. For more than two data sets, many t-test of necessity to be carried out sequenti every last(predicate)y that will increase statistical error due to accumulation. An ANOVA test lessons the statistical error due to analysis of entire data set at once and makes it more likely that a determination can be made in valid manner (Skrzypczak, 2006 Pienia zekon, A. 2007). deem 10 days daily defect rates for automotive computer chips manufactured fruit data for four different plant locations were available. Now for this data ANOVA can be useful for determining whether the observed differences in the plants sample mean defect rates merely due to stochastic variation or the observed differences between the plants defect rates too great to be attributed to chance. here(predicate) ANOVA hypothesis will be mean defects rates are same for at all four plants (H0) and at least one mean differs from the others (H1). The One-Factor ANOVA dependent variable will be defect rate and independent variable will be plant locations (Doane, & Seward, 2007).Suppose a hospital management needs to test whether a patients length of a stay (LOS) depends on the diagnostic-related group (DRG) code and the patients age group, so that resources and fixed costs are decent allocated. Considering case of bone fracture, LOS is a dependent variable measured in h ours and type of fracture (facial, universal gas constant or ulna, hip or femur, other lower extremity, all other) and

A critical commentary on 'The Village Schoolmaster' by O. Goldsmith Essay

A critical definition on The small town maestro by O. Goldsmith - Essay ExampleWhile poetry, like literature, can be used for a variety of purposes, poetry such as that created by Oliver Goldsmith in his poesy The Village Schoolmaster concentrates on illustrating a specific emotion. This is made explicitly apparent when one takes the naturalise within its original context as a portion of a much longer bet entitled The Deserted Village. According to an article posted by the University of Buckingham (The Village Schoolteacher, 2007), this longer work painted a picture of what is believed to be an amalgamation of a variety of small villages Goldsmith remembered, presenting a single image of a deserted town left behind as the result of privatization and button of their lands. This longer work illustrates the importance of the fence mentioned in the first line of The Village Schoolmaster as newly privatized land was enclosed in the name of progress what Goldsmith thought was going on is clear from what he says elsewhere in the poem Those fenceless fields the sons of wealth divide (307) (The Village Schoolmaster, 2007). Regardless of whether one is familiar with the longer work from which this poem is taken, Goldsmiths poem The Village Schoolmaster evokes the same sense of sad nostalgia for something lost forever within itself through Goldsmiths mastery of imagery, meter, rhyme, lexicon and implied meaning.Goldsmith employs imagery within the very first lines of his poem to help set up the scene he wishes to invoke Beside yon straggling fence that skirts the way / With Blossomd whinstone unprofitably gay (1-2). The fence is further ahead, indicating a division between the land upon which the speaker is rest and the land upon which the deserted village still stands. That it is deserted is indicated by the overwhelming blossoming furze which is unavailing because no one is left to enjoy it. However, it continues to

Domestic Partner Benefits for American Corporations Research Paper

Domestic Partner Benefits for Ameri asshole Corporations - Research Paper voiceDespite that fact that this concept contribute positively towards creating a positive attitude on the dig out force, this issue has led to numerous debates with many corporate stakeholders wondering whether returnss should be given to national help coadjutorships or not. This paper will bring into perspective this issue by arguing for and against domestic partner benefits of employees and later provides its own opinion.The phrase domestic partner benefits could most probably be taken to refer to employee benefit programs offered to non-married couples the same or even similar benefits as those provided to the married couples. It is worth noting that domestic partner benefits can be categorised into two same sex and opposite sex partners. According to Woodlink, 36) it is therefore upon the employer to go under which category to give the benefits. It has been observed that due to the escalating numbe r of employers, majority of the corporations have extended the benefits to homosexuals, lesbians, bisexual as well as transgender employees and their families. It is imperative to define who domestic partners atomic number 18. These are two individuals who have been in an propose human relationship for a long time and in addition to this, are financially and emotionally interdependent. However, the employers are at liberty to define who a domestic partner is. Additionally, employers wishing to implement a domestic partner plan need to create an accurate definition of what a suitable domestic partner should have. To mention but a few of these element the partners must have attained the age of xviii years, n all of the partner should be related by blood closer than permitted by state for marriage. In addition to this, the partners must share an intimate relationship and the relationship must be exclusive. It is worth noting that funding of proof of a domestic partner relationship may take a number of forms. It is leave to the liberty of the employer to determine what is most suitable. Some get contented with their domestic partners signing a pen statement of their relationship while others just require a proof of some financial relationship for instance a joint lease or mortgage. Village Voice newspaper is utter to be the first private company to provide domestic partnership benefits in 1982. By 1985, the cities of Berkeley, West Hollywood and California State followed suit. And since then, both private and public corporations have embraced this program. As a matter of fact, it was said that by 2006, most of the Fortune 500 largest American corporation provide health insurance for domestic partners of their employees. The corporate employers offer a variety of domestic partner benefits in terms of packages. These packages are either soft or hard benefits also referred to as low-cost and high-cost benefits. Majority of the American corporations offer the low-cost benefits to their domestic partners. These may include among others sick leave, access to a corporation facilities, permission to attend both company and personal functions and relocation expenses. Other than this there are the high-cost benefits that some corporate employers offer to their employees. This may include benefits such as health and medical insurance among others (Quizterson, 78-82).Federal Defense of Marriage numeral

Bio On Favorite Business Leader Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Bio On Favorite Business Leader - Assignment Examplepted him to work as a mere salesman and security analyst established him to rise up and found Berkshire Hathaway company which later grow to a multinational firm in the 1970s (Schroeder, 2008122). He has since grown his wealth and in 2008 he was declared the richest man in the planet.Central to Buffets business successes is the leadership strategy and styles that he embraces and deploys. As conceptualised in the Trait Theory of Leadership, the characteristics and personality of a person negatively or positively influence the outcome of their leadership (Northouse, 2010 119). Buffet in 2006 broke the worlds donation record by fling over 85% of his wealth to a charity program and this philanthropic gesture has since strengthened his leadership. His sympathetic traits and good decision-making skills have enabled him get along well with his workers who he easily understands their plight and appropriately addresses them. fetching the example of the Contingency Theory, the manner in which Buffet handles the diverse workforce and the challenges that come along is commendable. He knows what style or strategy leads a group he has at all situations and in divers(prenominal) companies (Buffet and Clark, 200998). This has seen him receive loyalty and respect from his